Day N5 - 6 - Grammar Practice
Complementary Exercises: Daily N5 - Day 6
After reading the lesson text, practice the grammar points introduced in Day N5-6.
These exercises focus on recognizing mistakes, choosing correct patterns,
and producing your own sentences.
They are divided into two study sessions. Each session focuses on a different way of practicing the grammar learned in the shadowing lesson.
Grammar practiced:
✓ P で V
✓ どうやって
✓ P に V
✓ ない-form
✓ て-form
✓ V［ます-form］たいです
✓ V［ます-form］ましょう
✓ N (means/method) で V
1. Understand
Goal: Recognize and understand how the grammar is used.
Focus on identifying correct patterns and noticing common mistakes.
🔍 Find the Error
Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.
1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: 友達は遊園地で遊びます。
Explanation: The particle に is commonly used to mark the destination of movement with verbs such as 行く (“go”), 来る (“come”), and 入る (“enter”). However, 遊ぶ (“play” or “have fun”) describes an activity rather than movement toward a destination, so the place where the activity happens is marked with で.
2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesB
Correct Sentence: 父は郵便局で仕事をします。
Explanation: The particle に is used for locations of existence with verbs such as いる and for destinations with movement verbs such as 行く and 来る. In contrast, で marks the place where an action is performed.
3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: 食堂でおにぎりを食べます。
Explanation: The particle で marks the place where an action takes place, so it is used with activity verbs such as 遊ぶ, 書く, and 食べる. The particle に, on the other hand, is commonly used for destinations, points of arrival, or locations of existence.
4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesD
Correct Sentence: 万年筆でレポートを書きます。
Explanation: In polite Japanese, verbs normally end in a ます form, while です is used mainly after nouns and certain adjective forms; they are not combined as ますです. Therefore, after 書きます, no additional です is needed.
✅ Choice
Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.
1: 今晩、私はレポートを（ ）。
ChoicesB
Explanation: 書く is a godan (u-) verb, so to make its plain negative form, change the final く to か and add ない, giving 書かない.
2: 階段（ ）教室へ行きました。
ChoicesC
Explanation: で can mark the means or method used to perform an action, so 階段で expresses that the person went to the classroom by using the stairs.
3: ボールペン（ ）レポートを書きました。
ChoicesB
Explanation: で is used to mark the tool or means used to perform an action.
4: 食堂（ ）入って、おにぎりを食べます。
ChoicesB
Explanation: に is used with 入る to mark the place that someone enters, so 食堂に入る means to enter the cafeteria.
✏️ Correct
Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.
1: どうやってをこのレポートを書きますか。
どうやってこのレポートを書きますか。
Explanation: 「どうやって」 is an adverbial expression meaning “how” or “by what method,” so it is not marked with the object particle 「を」.
2: 私は万年筆をレポートを書きます。
私は万年筆でレポートを書きます。
Explanation: The particle 「で」 is used to mark the tool, instrument, or means used to perform an action, so 「万年筆で」 means that a fountain pen is used for writing.
3: 今朝、学校に会議をしました。
今朝、学校で会議をしました。
Explanation: The particle 「で」 marks the place where an action is performed, so it is used with activities such as 「会議をする」.
2. Practice
Goal: Practice using the grammar in different situations.
Apply the grammar by correcting, transforming, and creating sentences.
🔍 Find the Error
Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.
1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: 明日はレポートを書かない。
Explanation: To make the plain negative form of a godan verb, the final -u sound changes to the corresponding -a sound before adding ない.
2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesB
Correct Sentence: 階段で食堂へ行きます。
Explanation: The particle へ marks the direction or destination of movement, while で can mark the means or route used to reach that destination.
3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesB
Correct Sentence: 食堂で仕事をします。
Explanation: The verb する (“to do”) is irregular, so its polite ます form is します, not するます. You cannot simply attach ます to the dictionary form する; the verb must change to its correct polite form first.
4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesD
Correct Sentence: このボールペンでレポートを書きます。
Explanation: The particle で can mark the instrument used to perform an action, so ボールペンで means that a ballpoint pen is used for writing. The particle を marks the direct object of the verb, such as レポートを with 書く. Because these particles have different grammatical roles, でを cannot be combined after ボールペン here.
5: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: どうやってレポートを書きますか。
Explanation: In polite Japanese, a verb in the ます form can be turned into a question simply by adding か, as in 書きますか. The copula です is not added after a ます verb, so 書きますですか is ungrammatical.
✏️ Correct
Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.
1: 母はボールペンを名前を書きました。
母はボールペンで名前を書きました。
Explanation: The particle で is used to mark the instrument or means used to perform an action, so it is used after ボールペン when the pen is what is used for writing.
2: 来週、友達は来るない。
来週、友達は来ない。
Explanation: The verb 来る (“to come”) is irregular, so its plain negative form is 来ない, not 来るない.
3: 日曜日、公園に遊びます。
日曜日、公園で遊びます。
Explanation: The particle で is used to mark the place where an action or activity takes place, so it is used with 遊びます when someone plays or spends time at the park.
4: 友達は来月、学校で来ます。
友達は来月、学校に来ます。
Explanation: The particle に is used to mark the destination of movement with verbs such as 来る (“to come”), so 学校に来ます is natural here. The particle へ can also be used to indicate direction or destination, so 学校へ来ます is also grammatical. In contrast, で usually marks the place where an action takes place and cannot mark the destination of 来ます in this sentence.
5: 昨日、公園で走るて、疲れました。
昨日、公園で走って、疲れました。
Explanation: To connect 走る (“to run”) to the following clause, you need its て-form. Because 走る is a godan verb ending in る, its て-form is 走って, not 走るて. Here, 走って connects the action of running with the result 疲れました (“got tired”).
✏️ Rewrite
Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.
1: 明日はレポートを書きません。
明日はレポートを書かない。
Explanation: 書きません is the polite negative form of 書く, while 書かない is its plain negative form. To make the ない-form of a Group 1 verb like 書く, change the final く to か and add ない. The meaning remains essentially the same, but 書かない sounds more casual and direct, so it is commonly used in informal conversation or plain-style writing.
2: A：日曜日はどこで走りますか。 B：学校です。
A：日曜日はどこで走りますか。 B：学校で走ります。
Explanation: The particle で marks the place where an action takes place, so it is used with an action verb such as 走ります. In the shorter answer 学校です, the speaker simply identifies the location, while 学校で走ります explicitly connects that location to the action of running.
3: A：名前はどうやって書きますか。 B：ボールペンです。
A：名前はどうやって書きますか。 B：ボールペンで名前を書きます。
Explanation: Here, で marks the means or tool used to perform an action. ボールペンです only identifies the item being used, while ボールペンで書きます shows how the action is carried out. With this pattern, the noun before で expresses the instrument, method, or means used for the verb.
4: A：昨日、どうやってレポートを書きましたか。 B：万年筆です。
A：昨日、どうやってレポートを書きましたか。 B：万年筆でレポートを書きました。
Explanation: The particle で shows the means or instrument used to perform an action. 万年筆です simply identifies the tool, whereas 万年筆で書きました makes the relationship between the fountain pen and the action explicit.
5: レポートを書きます。休みます。
レポートを書いて、休みます。
Explanation: The て-form can connect two actions in sequence, showing that one happens before the other. 書きます becomes 書いて, allowing it to link naturally to 休みます. This creates a smoother sentence and expresses the idea of writing the report first and then resting.
💬 Complete the Dialogue
Fill in the blank to complete the conversation using the proposed grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice applying specific grammar structures to construct natural responses in realistic conversation contexts.
Question 1:
A：今朝、公園へ行きました。
B：公園で何をしましたか。
A：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
B：私も走りました。
公園で散歩して、走りました。
Explanation: The て-form is used here to connect two actions performed in sequence or as part of the same activity. 散歩します changes to 散歩して, which links it naturally to 走りました. This shows that the speaker did both activities in the park, with the second verb carrying the past tense for the whole sequence.
Question 2:
A：受付は二階です。
B：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
A：階段で行きます。
受付へはどうやって行きますか。
Explanation: どうやって is used to ask about the means or method of doing something. Here, it asks how to get to the reception desk, which naturally leads to an answer using で to indicate the means, such as 階段で.
Question 3:
A：今度、食堂へ行きます。
B：食堂は二階です。
A：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
B：エレベーターで行きます。
食堂へはどうやって行きますか。
Explanation: どうやって asks about the means or method used to reach a destination. Since the location of the cafeteria has already been established, 食堂へは naturally sets it as the destination and topic, while どうやって focuses the question on how to get there. This also matches the response エレベーターで行きます, where で marks the means of transportation.
Question 4:
A：おにぎりとコーラがあるよ。
B：コーラは飲まない。
A：おにぎりは？
B：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
おにぎりも食べない。
Explanation: The ない-form expresses a plain negative action, so 食べる becomes 食べない. The particle も means “also” or “either” in a negative sentence, connecting this response to the earlier statement about not drinking cola. This makes the answer sound natural because the speaker is saying they will not eat the rice ball either.
Question 5:
A：今朝、郵便局へ行きました。
B：私も＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
A：そうですか。人が多かったですね。
郵便局に行きました。
Explanation: The particle に marks the destination of a movement verb such as 行きます. In this dialogue, に shows where the speaker went, while 私も adds the nuance that the speaker did the same thing as the other person. Compared with へ, に tends to focus more directly on the destination reached.
Extra - Verb Conjugation
Goal: Review and strengthen your understanding of Japanese verb conjugation.
Practice forming verb conjugations directly and using them correctly in context.
🔄 Direct Conjugation
Conjugate the verb into the specified form.
Goal: Practice recalling and producing verb conjugations accurately without relying on sentence context.
Question 1:
Verb: 休む
休まない
Question 2:
Verb: する
しませんでした
Question 3:
Verb: 行く
行って
Question 4:
Verb: 書く
書きました
Question 5:
Verb: 入る
入らない
🧩 Conjugation in Context
Conjugate the verb into the form that best fits the context.
Goal: Practice recognizing which conjugation is required by the sentence and using it naturally in context.
1: 今晩、レポートを（ ）たいです。
書き
2: 今度、家族と遊園地へ（ ）たいです。
行き
3: 今月は週末に（ ）たいです。
休み
4: 日曜日は公園で友達と（ ）ましょう。
遊び
5: ノートに名前を（ ）ください。
書いて
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