Day N5 - 11 - Grammar Practice

Complementary Exercises: Daily N5 - Day 11

After reading the lesson text, practice the grammar points introduced in Day N5-11.

These exercises focus on recognizing mistakes, choosing correct patterns, and producing your own sentences.
They are divided into three study sessions. Each session focuses on a different way of practicing the grammar learned in the shadowing lesson.

📘 Haven't studied the shadowing lesson yet? Read and practice the original text here.

Grammar practiced:
✓ もう
✓ ～くなります/～になります
✓ どこか
✓ ～前に V
✓ V［た-form］後で～

1. Understand

Goal: Recognize and understand how the grammar is used.
Focus on identifying correct patterns and noticing common mistakes.

🔍 Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 友達はもう来ました。

B: もうホテルに戻りました。

C: 天気はもう暖かいなりました。

D: もう注文しましたか。

Answer
C
Correct Sentence: 天気はもう暖かくなりました。
Explanation: With an い-adjective, use the ～く form before なる to express a change of state. Therefore, 暖かい becomes 暖かく, giving 暖かくなりました (“became warm”).

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 彼は元気くなりました。

B: 味噌汁は熱くなりました。

C: 今晩、ホテルに戻ります。

D: 昼ご飯を食べた後で、仕事をします。

Answer
A
Correct Sentence: 彼は元気になりました。
Explanation: 元気 is a な-adjective, so when it is used with なる to mean “become,” it takes に, not く.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 明日、どこかへ行きます。

B: サンドイッチを食べる後で、仕事をします。

C: 彼は元気になりました。

D: 友達に会う前に、喫茶店へ行きます。

Answer
B
Correct Sentence: サンドイッチを食べた後で、仕事をします。
Explanation: When 後で means “after doing something,” the verb before it normally appears in the た-form because the first action is completed before the next one happens.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 映画館へ行く前に、友達に会います。

B: サンドイッチを食べた後で、仕事をします。

C: どこかに良い喫茶店がありますか。

D: 友達に会って前に、喫茶店へ行きます。

Answer
D
Correct Sentence: 友達に会う前に、喫茶店へ行きます。
Explanation: When 前に means “before doing something,” the verb before it must be in the dictionary form, so 会う前に is correct.

✅ Choice

Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.

1: 料理を注文して、昼ご飯を食べます。昼ご飯を（　　　　　　）、料理を注文します。

Choices

A: 食べる後で

B: 食べた後で

C: 食べる前に

D: 食べた前に

Answer
C
Explanation: The pattern Vる前に means “before doing V,” so 食べる前に shows that ordering happens before eating lunch, which matches the sequence given in the first sentence. With 前に, the verb normally stays in the dictionary form, so 食べた前に is not grammatical. In contrast, Vた後で means “after doing V,” making 食べた後で grammatically valid by itself, but it would mean that the food is ordered after lunch has already been eaten, which contradicts the order of events established in the context.

2: 今週は仕事が大変ではありませんが、来週は（　　　　　　）なります。

Choices

A: 大変で

B: 大変く

C: 大変な

D: 大変に

Answer
D
Explanation: To express a change of state with a な-adjective, Japanese uses the pattern な-adjective + に + なる, so 大変に なります means that something will become difficult or demanding.

3: もう昼です。（　　　　　　）昼ご飯を食べませんか。

Choices

A: どこかを

B: どこかで

C: どこかから

D: どこかへ

Answer
B
Explanation: The particle で marks the place where an action is performed, so どこかで means “somewhere” as the location of eating lunch.

4: 今晩、ホテルに戻ります。その前に、友達に会わなければなりません。ホテルに（　　　　　　）、友達に会わなければなりません。

Choices

A: 戻った後で

B: 戻る前に

C: 戻った前に

D: 戻る後で

Answer
B
Explanation: The pattern Vる前に means “before doing V,” so it is used when one action happens before another future or intended action.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: 仕事をする後で、晩ご飯を食べました。

Answer
仕事をした後で、晩ご飯を食べました。
Explanation: When 後で means “after doing something,” the verb before it normally takes the た-form, because the first action is viewed as completed before the following action happens.

2: レポートを書く後で、休みました。

Answer
レポートを書いた後で、休みました。
Explanation: When 後で means “after doing something,” the verb before it normally takes the た-form to show that the first action was completed before the next action happened.

3: 日曜日、どこかに遊びませんか。

Answer
日曜日、どこかで遊びませんか。
Explanation: Use で to mark the place where an action takes place, so どこかで遊ぶ means “to hang out/play somewhere.” The particle に usually marks a destination or the place where something exists, so it does not naturally mark the location of the action 遊ぶ in this sentence.

2. Practice

Goal: Practice using the grammar in different situations.
Apply the grammar by correcting, transforming, and creating sentences.

🔍 Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 週末、どこかへ行きませんか。

B: 彼はどこかへいます。

C: 仕事は大変になりました。

D: サンドイッチを食べた後で、ホテルに戻りました。

Answer
B
Correct Sentence: 彼はどこかにいます。
Explanation: With the existence verb いる, the particle に marks the place where a person or animal is located, so どこかにいます means that someone is “somewhere.” The particle へ expresses direction toward a destination and is normally used with movement verbs such as 行く, 来る, or 戻る.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: この喫茶店は有名ななりました。

B: もう注文しましたか。

C: 仕事をした後で、ホテルに戻ります。

D: 彼は有名になりました。

Answer
A
Correct Sentence: この喫茶店は有名になりました。
Explanation: 有名 is a な-adjective, and when a な-adjective is used with なる to express a change of state, it takes に, as in 有名になる.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 天気は暖かくなりました。

B: サンドイッチを食べる前に、注文します。

C: 注文する前で、店員に聞きます。

D: どこかで友達を待ちます。

Answer
C
Correct Sentence: 注文する前に、店員に聞きます。
Explanation: When 前 means “before doing something,” the standard pattern is dictionary-form verb + 前に, so 注文する前に is correct.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: 昨日は暖かいでした。

B: 日曜日、どこかへ行きませんか。

C: どこかに私のノートがあります。

D: この喫茶店は賑やかになりました。

Answer
A
Correct Sentence: 昨日は暖かかったです。
Explanation: To make an い-adjective past tense, change the final ～い to ～かった, so 暖かい becomes 暖かかったです.

5: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices

A: サンドイッチを食べる前に、注文します。

B: このホテルは綺麗くありません。

C: 映画館へ行った後で、友達に会いました。

D: この喫茶店は有名になりました。

Answer
B
Correct Sentence: このホテルは綺麗ではありません。
Explanation: 綺麗 is a な-adjective, so its polite negative form is made with ではありません (or the more conversational じゃありません).

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: 今晩、どこかに会いませんか。

Answer
今晩、どこかで会いませんか。
Explanation: Use で to mark the place where an action happens, so どこかで会う means to meet somewhere.

2: 図書館へ行った前に、ホテルで勉強しました。

Answer
図書館へ行く前に、ホテルで勉強しました。
Explanation: When 前に means “before doing something,” the verb before it normally stays in the dictionary form, because the action has not happened yet at the reference point.

3: 仕事は大変くなりました。

Answer
仕事は大変になりました。
Explanation: With な-adjectives, use ～になる to express a change of state, so 大変になる means “to become difficult/tough.”

4: 天気は暖かいになりました。

Answer
天気は暖かくなりました。
Explanation: With い-adjectives, change the final い to く and add なる to express a change of state, so 暖かい becomes 暖かくなる.

5: このホテルは綺麗くなりました。

Answer
このホテルは綺麗になりました。
Explanation: Although 綺麗（きれい） ends in い, it is a な-adjective, not an い-adjective. To express a change of state with a な-adjective, use ～になる, so 綺麗になる means “to become clean/beautiful.”

✏️ Rewrite

Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.

1: 先週、彼は元気ではありませんでしたが、今週は元気です。

Rewrite the sentence using: ～くなります／～になります

Answer
先週、彼は元気ではありませんでしたが、今週は元気になりました。
Explanation: The original sentence simply contrasts his condition last week with his condition this week, while ～になります emphasizes the change from one state to another. Since 元気 is a な-adjective, it takes に + なります, becoming 元気になります. Using the past form なりました shows that the change has already happened: he was not well before, but he has now become well.

2: 料理を注文します。その前に、店員に聞きます。

Rewrite the sentence using: ～前に V

Answer
料理を注文する前に、店員に聞きます。
Explanation: ～前に is used to show that one action happens before another action. When a verb comes before 前に, it normally stays in the dictionary form, so 注文します becomes 注文する前に. This structure also makes the relationship between the two actions more direct than stating them as two separate sentences: asking the staff happens first, and ordering happens afterward.

3: 先月、この食堂の席は狭かったですが、今月は広いです。

Rewrite the sentence using: ～くなります／～になります

Answer
先月、この食堂の席は狭かったですが、今月は広くなりました。
Explanation: The original sentence contrasts the size of the seating area in two different months, while ～くなります highlights a change in condition. Because 広い is an い-adjective, the final い changes to く before なります, giving 広くなります. Here, 広くなりました shows that the seats became more spacious compared with how they were last month.

4: 昼ご飯を食べて、仕事をします。

Rewrite the sentence using: V［た-form］後で～

Answer
昼ご飯を食べた後で、仕事をします。
Explanation: Vた + 後で is used to show that one action happens after another action has been completed. The verb before 後で therefore changes to the た-form, so 食べます becomes 食べた. Compared with simply linking the actions with ～て, this pattern makes the order of events more explicit and emphasizes that lunch is finished before the work begins.

5: 私はサンドイッチを食べました。

Rewrite the sentence using: もう

Answer
私はもうサンドイッチを食べました。
Explanation: もう adds the nuance that the action has already been completed by the time of speaking. Without it, the sentence simply reports that the sandwich was eaten; with もう, the speaker emphasizes that this has happened earlier than or before a relevant point in time.

💬 Complete the Dialogue

Fill in the blank to complete the conversation using the proposed grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice applying specific grammar structures to construct natural responses in realistic conversation contexts.

Complete the dialogue using: どこか

Question 1:
A：もう昼ですね。お腹がすきました。
B：この食堂は席がありません。
A：では、＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
B：そうしましょう。

Suggested Answer
どこか近くでご飯を食べましょう。
Explanation: Since there are no seats available at the current cafeteria, A suggests going to another nearby place to eat. The Suggested Answer: どこか近くでご飯を食べましょう fits naturally because どこか means “somewhere” and is used when the speaker does not have a specific place in mind. Here, it combines well with 近くで to suggest an unspecified place nearby, while ～ましょう makes the sentence a natural suggestion that leads smoothly to B’s agreement, そうしましょう.

Complete the dialogue using: もう

Question 2:
A：ホテルで彼を待っていますか。
B：いいえ、＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
A：では、一緒に食堂へ行きましょう。

Suggested Answer
彼はもう来ました。
Explanation: A asks whether B is still waiting for him at the hotel, but B explains that there is no need to wait anymore because he has already arrived. The Suggested Answer: 彼はもう来ました uses もう to show that an expected action has already been completed by this point. This makes A’s next suggestion to go to the cafeteria together feel natural, since the person they were waiting for is now present.

Complete the dialogue using: ～くなります／～になります

Question 3:
A：先月は寒かったですね。
B：はい。でも、今月は＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
A：公園を散歩したいですね。

Suggested Answer
天気が暖かくなりました。
Explanation: B contrasts the cold weather last month with the warmer conditions this month, so the Suggested Answer: 天気が暖かくなりました naturally expresses a change in state. ～くなります is used with い-adjectives to mean “become/get …,” and here 暖かい changes to 暖かくなりました to show that the weather has become warmer. This change also connects smoothly to A’s comment about wanting to take a walk in the park.

Complete the dialogue using: ～くなります／～になります

Question 4:
A：お母さんは大丈夫ですか。
B：はい。昨日は大変でしたが、＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
A：それは良かったです。

Suggested Answer
元気になりました。
Explanation: B explains that although their mother was having a difficult time yesterday, her condition has improved now. The Suggested Answer: 元気になりました uses ～になります with the な-adjective 元気 to express a change of state, meaning that she has become well or energetic again. This naturally leads to A’s relieved response, それは良かったです, showing that the improvement is good news.

Complete the dialogue using: V［た-form］後で～

Question 5:
A：もう昼ご飯を食べましたか。
B：まだです。これからカレーライスを食べます。
A：では、＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿。
B：いいですね。

Suggested Answer
カレーライスを食べた後で、喫茶店でコーヒーを注文しましょう。
Explanation: A suggests an activity to do after B finishes lunch, so the Suggested Answer: カレーライスを食べた後で、喫茶店でコーヒーを注文しましょう naturally uses V［た-form］後で to show that one action happens after another is completed. Here, 食べる becomes 食べた before 後で, establishing the sequence clearly, while ～ましょう turns the second action into a friendly suggestion, which matches B’s positive response, いいですね.

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The dialogue, images, audio, and exercises on this page were generated with the help of artificial intelligence for Japanese study practice. All content has been reviewed, adapted, and organized.