Day N4 - 1 - Grammar Practice
Complementary Exercises: Daily N4 - Day 1
After reading the lesson text, practice the grammar points introduced in Day N4-1.
These exercises focus on recognizing mistakes, choosing correct patterns,
and producing your own sentences.
They are divided into three study sessions. Each session focuses on a different way of practicing the grammar learned in the shadowing lesson.
Grammar practiced:
✓ V[ใฆ-form]ใฟใพใ/V[ใฆ-form]ใฟใใใงใ
✓ 〜ใใใงใ
✓ 〜ใใงใ
✓ 〜ใใใพใ
✓ 〜ใใฉใใ
✓ V[ใฆ-form]ใใพใ
1. Understand
Goal: Recognize and understand how the grammar is used.
Focus on identifying correct patterns and noticing common mistakes.
๐ Find the Error
Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.
1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesD
Correct Sentence: ใใฎๅณๅๆฑใฏ็ฑใใใพใ。
Explanation: With i-adjectives, remove ใ before ใใใ.
2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: ใใฎใตใฉใใฏๅกฉใๅคใใใพใ。
Explanation: 「~ใใใ」 cannot attach directly to the noun ๅกฉ.
3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesA
Correct Sentence: ใใฎใใณใฏใจใฆใใใใใใใงใ。
Explanation: 「ใใใใใงใใใงใ」 incorrectly adds an extra ใงใ.
4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesD
Correct Sentence: ้ฃในใใใฆใใชใใ็ใใงใ。
Explanation: 「~ใใใ」 attaches to the verb stem, not the dictionary form.
✅ Choice
Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.
1: ใใฎในใผใ、ๅณใ( )ไฝใๅ ฅใใใปใใใใ。
ChoicesA
Explanation: 「่ใใใฆ」 means “too thin/weak in flavor,” expressing excess. The context suggests the flavor is insufficient, so an adjustment is needed.
2: ใๅ็ฃใ( )。ใฉใใ。
ChoicesB
Explanation: 「่ฒทใฃใฆใใพใใ」 shows the action of going, buying, and coming back. The offering 「ใฉใใ」 makes it clear the speaker has returned with the souvenir.
3: ใใฎไบบใฏ้ง ๅใฎใใถใผใๅบใฎใชใผใใผ( )。
ChoicesA
Explanation: 「ใ ใใใงใ」 is the hearsay form used after nouns and ใช-adjectives, meaning "I heard that...". 「ใใใงใ」 alone cannot directly follow a noun. 「ใ ใใฉใใ」 requires a following clause (e.g., ใใใใพใใ), and 「ใซใชใใใใงใ」 means "looks like will become...", which changes the meaning of the sentence.
4: ใใฎใใถใผใใฏใจใฆใไบบๆฐใใใใใใงใ。็งใใฉใใชๅณใ( )ใงใ。
ChoicesD
Explanation: 「~ใฆใฟใใ」 means "want to try doing something." Because the speaker wants to find out what the dessert tastes like, 「้ฃในใฆใฟใใ」 is the only natural choice. The other options express eating too much or hearsay, not the speaker's own wish.
✏️ Correct
Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.
1: ใใฎๅบใซใใใใใใใชใใถใผใใใใใพใ。
ใใฎๅบใซใใใใใใชใใถใผใใใใใพใ。
Explanation: To express appearance with an ใ-adjective, drop the final ใ and add ใใ. ใใใใ → ใใใใใ.
2: ๅๅ ใใพใใใฉใใใพใ ๆฑบใใฆใใพใใ。
ๅๅ ใใใใฉใใใพใ ๆฑบใใฆใใพใใ。
Explanation: Before ใใฉใใ, the verb must be in the plain form. ใใพใ is the polite form; the correct plain form is ใใ.
3: ็ฅญใใซๅๅ ใใฆใฟใใพใใใ。
็ฅญใใซๅๅ ใใฆใฟใพใใใ。
Explanation: The polite negative of ใฟใ is ใฟใพใใ, not ใฟใใพใใ. The invitation pattern is ~ใฆใฟใพใใใ.
2. Practice
Goal: Practice using the grammar in different situations.
Apply the grammar by correcting, transforming, and creating sentences.
๐ Find the Error
Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.
1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesA
Correct Sentence: ๆฐใใๆใ็ใฆใฟใพใใ。
Explanation: 「~ใฆใฟใ」 needs the te-form. 「็ใฟใพใใ」 is missing ใฆ; the correct form is 「็ใฆใฟใพใใ」.
2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesA
Correct Sentence: ไปใซใ้จใ้ใใใใช็ฉบใงใใญ。
Explanation: To describe something that appears about to happen, Japanese uses the verb stem + 「ใใใช」. Therefore, 「้ใใใใช็ฉบ」 means "a sky that looks like it's about to rain." 「้ใใใ」 is not the appearance form; 「ใใใงใ」 after a dictionary-form verb expresses hearsay ("I heard it will rain") and cannot modify 「็ฉบ」 in this way.
3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: ใกใใฃใจใใฎใ่ถใ้ฃฒใใงใฟใพใ。
Explanation: The te-form of ้ฃฒใ is ้ฃฒใใง, not ้ฃฒใฟใฆ. The sentence must be 「้ฃฒใใงใฟใพใ」.
4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: ๅ ็ใๆฅๆ็ตๅฉใใใใใงใ。
Explanation: Hearsay ใใใงใ attaches to the plain form, not the polite form.
5: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: ้ซใใใชๆ่จใ่ฆใคใใพใใ。
Explanation: For appearance, drop the final ใ of i-adjectives before ใใ.
✏️ Correct
Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.
1: ๅฝผใๅญฆ็ใ ใใฉใใ็ฅใใพใใ。
ๅฝผใๅญฆ็ใใฉใใ็ฅใใพใใ。
Explanation: After a noun, ใใฉใใ follows directly without ใ . ๅญฆ็ใ ใใฉใใ is ungrammatical; use ๅญฆ็ใใฉใใ.
2: ๆจๆฅใใถใผใใ้ฃในใใใใพใใ。
ๆจๆฅใใถใผใใ้ฃในใใใพใใ。
Explanation: ใใใ attaches to the verb stem. ้ฃในใ is the dictionary form; the stem is ้ฃใน.
3: ใใฎใฉใผใกใณใฏ่พใใ ใใใงใ。
ใใฎใฉใผใกใณใฏ่พใใใใงใ。
Explanation: For hearsay, ใ-adjectives attach directly to ใใใงใ without ใ . ่พใใ ใใใงใ is incorrect; use ่พใใใใงใ.
4: ใฉใใใฆ้ ใใใงใใ?
ใฉใใใฆ้ ใใใใงใใ?
Explanation: When asking for an explanation or reason, the explanatory ใใงใ is required. ้ ใใ is plain past, so ้ ใใใใงใใ.
5: ๅฝผใๆฅใพใใใงใใใใฉใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ。
ๅฝผใๆฅใชใใฃใใใฉใใ็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ。
Explanation: ใใฉใใ requires the plain form. ๆฅใพใใใงใใ is polite past negative; the plain form is ๆฅใชใใฃใ.
✏️ Rewrite
Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.
1: ๆจๆฅ、้ง ๅใงๆฐใใๅบใๆขใใพใใ。
ๆจๆฅ、้ง ๅใงๆฐใใๅบใๆขใใฆใฟใพใใ。
Explanation: 「~ใฆใฟใพใใ」 is the past tense of “try doing”. The verb ๆขใ takes the ใฆ-form ๆขใใฆ, and ใฟใพใใ is added to indicate that the speaker attempted to search for the shop.
2: ๅฝผใๆฅๆฌไบบใ、็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ。
ๅฝผใๆฅๆฌไบบใใฉใใ、็ฅใฃใฆใใพใใ。
Explanation: With nouns, simply add ใใฉใใ after the noun. ๆฅๆฌไบบใ becomes ๆฅๆฌไบบใใฉใใ, meaning “whether he is Japanese or not”. The structure is noun + ใใฉใใ.
3: ใใฎใใถใผใใฏใใใใใงใ。
ใใฎใใถใผใใฏใใใใใใงใ。
Explanation: The i-adjective ใใใใ changes to ใใใใใใงใ (stem + ใใใงใ). It turns a statement of fact into an appearance-based judgement: “this dessert looks delicious”.
4: ้ง ๅใฎๅ ฌๅใฏ้ใใงใ。
้ง ๅใฎๅ ฌๅใฏ้ใใชใใงใ。
Explanation: Na-adjectives require ใช before ใใงใ. ้ใใงใ → ้ใใชใใงใ (plain ้ใใ → ้ใใช + ใใงใ). The sentence gains an explanatory nuance.
5: ๆๆฅ、็ฅญใใซๅๅ ใใพใ。
ๆๆฅ、็ฅญใใซๅๅ ใใใใงใ。
Explanation: 「~ใใงใ」 adds an explanatory or background-information nuance. Before 「ใใงใ」, verbs use the plain form, so 「ๅๅ ใใพใ」 changes to 「ๅๅ ใใ」. Therefore, 「ๆๆฅ、็ฅญใใซๅๅ ใใใใงใ」 is correct.
3. Review
Goal: Review and reinforce the grammar you learned.
Combine different exercise types to check your understanding and build confidence.
๐ Find the Error
Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.
1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesC
Correct Sentence: ๆญฉใใใใฆ็ฒใใพใใ。
Explanation: 「~ใใใ」 takes the verb stem. 「ๆญฉใใฆใใใฆ」 is incorrect.
2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesA
Correct Sentence: ใฉใใใฆ้ ใใใใงใใ。
Explanation: 「ใใงใ」 follows the plain past form.
3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesB
Correct Sentence: ๅๆตท้ใซ่กใฃใฆใฟใใใงใ。
Explanation: The polite volitional form is 「~ใฆใฟใใใงใ」. 「่กใฃใฆใฟใใใพใ」 incorrectly mixes ใใ with ใพใ; the correct polite ending is ใงใ.
4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?
ChoicesA
Correct Sentence: ใใฎใขใใชใไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใพใใ。
Explanation: 「~ใฆใฟใพใ」 requires the te-form. 「ไฝฟใใฟใพใใ」 uses the dictionary form; it should be 「ไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใพใใ」.
✅ Choice
Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.
1: ๅฝผใฏๅฟ้ ( )、็ ใใชใใฃใใใใงใ。
ChoicesC
Explanation: 「ๅฟ้ ใใใใฆ」 is the verb 「ๅฟ้ ใใ」 + 「ใใใ」 in the ใฆ-form, meaning “worry too much and as a result.” It explains the cause of not being able to sleep.
2: ใฉใใใฆ้ ใใใใงใใ。―― ้ป่ปใ( )ใใงใ。
ChoicesA
Explanation: 「~ใใงใ」 is used to provide an explanation in response to a question. The past tense plain form 「้ ใใ」 + 「ใใงใ」 correctly explains the reason for being late.
3: ใใฎๅบใฎใฉใผใกใณใฏใใใใใฆ、ใคใ( )ใใพใใพใใ。
ChoicesC
Explanation: 「้ฃในใใใฆใใพใใพใใ」 means "ended up eating too much." The pattern 「~ใใใฆใใพใ」 expresses an excessive action that happened unintentionally or with regret. Since the ramen was delicious and the speaker says 「ใคใ」 ("without meaning to"), 「้ฃในใใใฆใใพใใพใใ」 is the best choice.
4: ใใฎใใฟใณใๆผใใฆ、ๆฉๆขฐใๅใ( )็ขบ่ชใใฆใใ ใใ。
ChoicesA
Explanation: 「ๅใใใฉใใ็ขบ่ชใใ」 means “check whether it moves or not.” The set phrase 「ใใฉใใ」 is required for embedding a yes/no alternative.
✏️ Correct
Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.
1: ใใฎ็กฌใใใณใ้ฃในใฆใฟใใใใชใใงใ。
ใใฎ็กฌใใใณใ้ฃในใฆใฟใใใชใใงใ。
Explanation: The negative of ใฟใใ is ใฟใใใชใ. “ใฟใใใใชใ” is a common overgeneralization of ~ใ forms; the correct conjugation is ใฟใใใชใ.
2: ๆจๆฅ、้จใ้ใใพใใใใงใ。
ๆจๆฅ、้จใ้ใฃใใใงใ。
Explanation: ใใงใ requires the plain past form. ้ใใพใใ is polite; the correct plain past is ้ใฃใ.
3: ใใฎๆ ็ปใฏๆใใใใพใใ。
ใใฎๆ ็ปใฏๆใใใพใใ。
Explanation: ใใใ attaches to the adjective stem. ๆใ → ๆใใ, not ๆใใใ.
✏️ Rewrite
Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.
1: ใใฎๅญใฏๅ ๆฐใงใ。
ใใฎๅญใฏๅ ๆฐใใใงใ。
Explanation: 「~ใใใงใ」 expresses appearance or impression based on what the speaker sees. With ใช-adjectives, remove 「ใงใ」 and add 「ใใใงใ」: ๅ ๆฐใงใ → ๅ ๆฐใใใงใ.
2: ใกใใฃใจ้ง ๅใง่ฒทใ็ฉใใใฆ、ใใๆปใใพใ。
ใกใใฃใจ้ง ๅใง่ฒทใ็ฉใใใฆใใพใ。
Explanation: Vใฆ-form + ใใพใ expresses going to do something and then coming back. The original “do shopping and then return” is compressed into ่ฒทใ็ฉใใใฆใใพใ, a very natural pattern.
3: ใกใใฃใจใณใณใใใซ่กใฃใฆ、ใใๆปใใพใ。
ใกใใฃใจใณใณใใใซ่กใฃใฆใใพใ。
Explanation: ่กใฃใฆใใพใ is the set phrase for “I’m going and coming back”. It preserves the meaning of leaving briefly and returning, using the ใฆ-form of ่กใ + ใใพใ.
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