Day N3 - 1 - Grammar Practice

Complementary Exercises: Daily N3 - Day 1

After reading the lesson text, practice the grammar points introduced in Day N3-1.

These exercises focus on recognizing mistakes, choosing correct patterns, and producing your own sentences.
They are divided into three study sessions. Each session focuses on a different way of practicing the grammar learned in the shadowing lesson.

Grammar practiced:
✓ V[ใชใ„-form]ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„
✓ V(ใ•)ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†/V(ใ•)ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹/V(ใ•)ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ/V(ใ•)ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ‚‹
✓ V[ใฆ-form]ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹/V[ใฆ-form]ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ
✓ 〜ใ†ใกใซ
✓ ใŠ/ใ”〜ใ„ใŸใ ใ
✓ ใ”〜ใใ ใ•ใ‚‹

1. Understand

Goal: Recognize and understand how the grammar is used.
Focus on identifying correct patterns and noticing common mistakes.

๐Ÿ” Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
B: ๆ‰‹็ถšใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆกˆๅ†…ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
C: ๅค‰ๆ›ด็‚นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
D: ใ”้ƒฝๅˆใฎใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ„ๆ—ฅ็จ‹ใ‚’ใŠๆ•™ใˆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Answer
C
Correct Sentence: ๅค‰ๆ›ด็‚นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Explanation: 「ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹」 → te-form 「ๆ•™ใˆใฆ」 before 「ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„」. Using the dictionary form is ungrammatical.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆš‘ใใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ่กŒใ“ใ†。
B: ๆš—ใใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†。
C: ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ใƒกใƒขใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™。
D: ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใ‚’ๆธˆใพใ›ใŸ。
Answer
B
Correct Sentence: ๆš—ใใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†。
Explanation: 「ๆš—ใใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ」 is correct for “before it gets dark.” Using the adjective negative 「ๆš—ใใชใ„」 without 「ใชใ‚‹」 is ungrammatical for a change of state.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆ—ฅๆœฌใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซ、ๅฏŒๅฃซๅฑฑใซ็™ปใ‚ŠใŸใ„。
B: ่‹ฅใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชๅ›ฝใ‚’ๆ—…่กŒใ—ใŸใ„。
C: ๆš–ใ‹ใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ใ‚นใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„。
D: ใ‚ใฎๅบ—ใŒ้–‰ใพใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซ、ๆ€ฅใ”ใ†。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ใ‚ใฎๅบ—ใŒ้–‰ใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ๆ€ฅใ”ใ†。
Explanation: To say “before the shop closes,” the negative form 「้–‰ใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ」 is required. The affirmative 「้–‰ใพใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซ」 is ungrammatical for this meaning.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™、ๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใชใใ‚ƒใญ。
B: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎๆœๆ—ฉใ„ใฎใง、ไปŠๅคœใฏๆ—ฉใๅฏใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“。
C: ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒ、ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‚‚่งฃใ‘ใชใใ‚ƒ、ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใ‚ใชใ„。
D: ใƒ‘ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ、ๆตทๅค–ใซ่กŒใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚ˆ。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ใƒ‘ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใใ‚ƒ、ๆตทๅค–ใซ่กŒใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚ˆ。
Explanation: The negative stem of 「ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹」 is 「ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œ」, so it’s 「ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใใ‚ƒ」. 「ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ」 is ungrammatical.

✅ Choice

Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.

1: ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็งใŸใกใซ่‡ช็”ฑใซๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’(    )。

Choices
A: ่จ€ใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹
B: ่จ€ใ‚ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†
C: ่จ€ใ‚ใ›ใฆใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹
D: ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†
Answer
A
Explanation: The teacher is the giver of the favor (letting us speak). ~ใ•ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ matches this direction. B would mean “we get the teacher to let us speak,” D is “have someone say for us,” C is “let someone else speak.” A is correct.

2: ้›จใŒ(    )ใ†ใกใซ、่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใซ่กŒใฃใฆใใพใ™。

Choices
A: ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„
B: ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
C: ้™ใฃใŸ
D: ้™ใ‚‹
Answer
A
Explanation: ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ means “before it rains.” The negative form + ใ†ใกใซ expresses “before a change occurs.” Other forms give wrong meanings (while raining, after it rained, etc.).

3: ๅ‹ใ ใกใŒ『ใ‚‚ใ†้…ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰、ใใ‚ใใ‚(    )』ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆๅธฐใฃใŸ。

Choices
A: ๅธฐใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ
B: ๅธฐใ‚‰ใชใใ‚ƒ
C: ๅธฐใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ
D: ๅธฐใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š
Answer
B
Explanation: In casual quoted speech, ๅธฐใ‚‰ใชใใ‚ƒ is the natural way to say “gotta go home.” A uses the dictionary stem before ใชใใ‚ƒ, which is wrong; C is past negative; D is intention. Only B gives the correct obligation form.

4: ใŠๅฎขๆง˜、ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ขใƒณใ‚ฑใƒผใƒˆใซใ”ๅ”ๅŠ›(    )ใ‹。

Choices
A: ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™
B: ใซใชใ‚Œใพใ™
C: ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™
D: ใงใใพใ™
Answer
C
Explanation: ใ”ๅ”ๅŠ›ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹ is the polite potential humble form “could we have your cooperation?” A is plain humble, B is an incorrect honorific form, D means “can cooperate” but does not form a proper request. C is the standard expression.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: ่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’ใŠ็™บ่กŒใ„ใŸใ ใใซใฏ、ๆ‰‹็ถšใใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™。

Answer
่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’ใ”็™บ่กŒใ„ใŸใ ใใซใฏ、ๆ‰‹็ถšใใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™。
Explanation: ็™บ่กŒ is a Sino-Japanese suru-verb; the correct humble form is ใ”็™บ่กŒใ„ใŸใ ใ.

2: ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ、่ฉฆ้จ“ใซๅˆๆ ผใงใใชใ„。

Answer
ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ、่ฉฆ้จ“ใซๅˆๆ ผใงใใชใ„。
Explanation: The verb ใ™ใ‚‹ becomes ใ—ใชใ„ in the negative. The pattern requires ใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ, using the stem ใ— from ใ—ใชใ„.

3: ใ“ใฎ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใ‚’้€ใ‚‹ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。

Answer
ใ“ใฎ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Explanation: ้€ใ‚‹ → ้€ใฃใฆ. The pattern always uses the ใฆ-form of the verb before ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„.

2. Practice

Goal: Practice using the grammar in different situations.
Apply the grammar by correcting, transforming, and creating sentences.

๐Ÿ” Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ้ƒจ้•ทใŒ็งใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅธฐใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใŸ。
B: ๅ…ˆใซๅธฐใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹。
C: ใ“ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใซๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ‹ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™。
D: ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏไผ‘ใพใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™。
Answer
A
Correct Sentence: ้ƒจ้•ทใŒ็งใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅธฐใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: 「~ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ」 expresses the speaker's own humble action performed with someone else's permission or consideration. Since the subject is ้ƒจ้•ท, the verb should describe the manager's action of granting permission: 「ๅธฐใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ」.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใฏใ”ไธๅฏงใชใŠ่ฟ”ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใŸใ ใ、ๆ็ธฎใงใ™。
B: ใŠๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใจใฏๅญ˜ใ˜ใพใ™ใŒ、ใ”็ขบ่ชใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹。
C: ใ”ๆฅๅ ดใฎ้š›ใฏ、ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎๅ—ไป˜ใงใŠๆ‰‹็ถšใใใ ใ•ใ„。
D: ไฟ‚ใฎ่€…ใŒใŠๅพ…ใกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ™。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ไฟ‚ใฎ่€…ใŒใŠๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ™。
Explanation: 「ใŠๅพ…ใกใ™ใ‚‹」 is a humble expression. Since the subject is 「ไฟ‚ใฎ่€…」 and the sentence honors that person's action, the honorific pattern 「ใŠๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ™」 should be used instead of 「ใŠๅพ…ใกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ™」.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๅคงๅค‰ๆ็ธฎใงใ™ใŒ、ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ”็ขบ่ชใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹。
B: ใ”ๆฅๅ ดใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใซๅฟƒใ‚ˆใ‚ŠใŠ็คผใ‚’็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™。
C: ใŠๅฎขๆง˜、ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใซใ”่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹。
D: ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ”ๅˆฉ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ”ๅˆฉ็”จใใ ใ•ใ„。
Explanation: The correct honorific request form is 「ใ”ๅˆฉ็”จใใ ใ•ใ„」. 「ใ”ๅˆฉ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„」 is ungrammatical.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใŠๆ‰‹ๆ•ฐใงใ™ใŒ、ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
B: ๅฐ‘ใ€…ใŠๅพ…ใกใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
C: ใ“ใ“ใซใ”่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
D: ใ“ใฎไปถใซใคใ„ใฆใ”ๆคœ่จŽใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Answer
A
Correct Sentence: ใŠๆ‰‹ๆ•ฐใงใ™ใŒ、ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Explanation: 「~ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ」 requires the te-form. 「็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹」 must be 「็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„」. The dictionary form before 「ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„」 is ungrammatical.

5: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆ—ฉใ่ตทใใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ、้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚Š้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹。
B: ใ“ใฎๆ›ธ้กž、ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใพใงใซๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ。
C: ใ‚ใฎๆ˜ ็”ป、ไปŠ้€ฑไธญใซ่ฆ‹ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ 。
D: ๅ‡บๅผตใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™、ใใ‚ใใ‚ๅง‹ใ‚ใชใใ‚ƒ。
Answer
A
Correct Sentence: ๆ—ฉใ่ตทใใชใใ‚ƒ、้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚Š้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹。
Explanation: 「~ใชใใ‚ƒ」 attaches to the negative stem: 「่ตทใใ‚‹」 → 「่ตทใใชใใ‚ƒ」. Using the dictionary form 「่ตทใใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ」 is a common mistake.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ†ใกใซๅฏใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。

Answer
ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซๅฏใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: To express that something happens while an action is in progress, use 「Vใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซ」. Therefore, 「่ฆ‹ใŸใ†ใกใซ」 is incorrect in this sentence; the correct form is 「่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซ」.

2: ๅฐ‘ใ€…ใ”ๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„。

Answer
ๅฐ‘ใ€…ใŠๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„。
Explanation: ๅพ…ใค is a native verb. The standard respectful request is ใŠๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„, not ใ”ๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„.

3: ๆœฌใ‚’่ฟ”ๅดใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹。

Answer
ๆœฌใ‚’่ฟ”ๅดใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹。
Explanation: ่ฟ”ๅดใ™ใ‚‹ is a suru-verb, so its ใฆ-form is ่ฟ”ๅดใ—ใฆ. The dictionary form cannot be used directly.

4: ๅฝผใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ、ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใŒๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„。

Answer
ๅฝผใŒๆฅใชใใ‚ƒ、ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใŒๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„。
Explanation: ๆฅใ‚‹ is irregular. Its ใชใ„-form is ๆฅใชใ„, so the correct short form is ๆฅใชใใ‚ƒ, not ๆฅใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ.

5: ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใซใŠ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹。

Answer
ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใซใ”่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹。
Explanation: ่จ˜ๅ…ฅ is a Sino-Japanese suru-verb, so the honorific prefix is ใ”, not ใŠ.

✏️ Rewrite

Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.

1: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใพใงใซใ“ใฎ่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใชใใ‚ƒ
Answer
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใพใงใซใ“ใฎ่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ。
Explanation: 「~ใชใใ‚ƒ」 is a casual contraction of 「~ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ」, implying obligation. The sentence ends without ใ„ใ‘ใชใ„/ใชใ‚‰ใชใ„, which is common in informal speech.

2: ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ใ”ๆๅ‡บใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹。

Rewrite the sentence using: ใŠ/ใ”~ใ„ใŸใ ใ
Answer
ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ใ”ๆๅ‡บใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™。
Explanation: 「ๆๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„」 is rewritten using the honorific-humble request pattern 「ใ”ๆๅ‡บใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹」, which literally means "Could I receive the favor of your submitting this document?" This is a more polite and indirect request than 「~ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„」.

3: ๅ…ˆ่ผฉใŒใ“ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใฎ่จ˜ๅ…ฅๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ。

Rewrite the sentence using: ใŠ/ใ”~ใใ ใ•ใ‚‹
Answer
ๅ…ˆ่ผฉใŒใ“ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใฎ่จ˜ๅ…ฅๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ใŠๆ•™ใˆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ is rewritten using the respectful benefactive pattern ใŠๆ•™ใˆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ, which honors the subject (ๅ…ˆ่ผฉ) for performing the action. The meaning remains essentially the same, but the sentence becomes more polite and respectful toward the senior.

4: ้–‹้คจๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ
Answer
้–‹้คจๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Explanation: ๆ•™ใˆใฆ + ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ humbly expresses “I would like you to tell me”. The ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ softens the request.

5: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใพใงใซ่ฒธๅ‡บใฎๆ‰‹็ถšใใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹
Answer
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใพใงใซ่ฒธๅ‡บใฎๆ‰‹็ถšใใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹。
Explanation: ๅฎŒไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ → ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆ + ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹. The speaker is asking for the favor of completion, turning a command into a polite request.

3. Review

Goal: Review and reinforce the grammar you learned.
Combine different exercise types to check your understanding and build confidence.

๐Ÿ” Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใ“ใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฝใ‚ณใƒณ、ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไฝฟใ‚ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„?
B: ๆ‚ชใ„ใ‘ใฉ、ๅ›ใฎ่ปŠใ‚’้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใ•ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„?
C: ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“、ๅ…ˆใซๆณจๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใ•ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹。
D: ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไฝ“่ชฟใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใฎใง、ๆ—ฉ้€€ใ•ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹。
Answer
B
Correct Sentence: ๆ‚ชใ„ใ‘ใฉ、ๅ›ใฎ่ปŠใ‚’้‹่ปขใ•ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„?
Explanation: 「้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹」 is a suru-verb; its causative te-form is 「้‹่ปขใ•ใ›ใฆ」. 「้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใ•ใ›ใฆ」 is ungrammatical.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆ—…่กŒใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™、ใ‚‚ใ†ๅง‹ใ‚ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„。
B: ใƒใ‚นใƒˆใซใ“ใฎๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ‡ฝใ™ใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ。
C: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏ้–‹้คจๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใใ†ใชใฎใง、็ขบ่ชใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ。
D: ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็›ดใ™ใชใใ‚ƒ、ๅˆๆ ผใงใใชใ„。
Answer
B
Correct Sentence: ใƒใ‚นใƒˆใซใ“ใฎๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ‡ฝใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ。
Explanation: 「ๆŠ•ๅ‡ฝใ™ใ‚‹」 → negative stem 「ๆŠ•ๅ‡ฝใ—」 → 「ๆŠ•ๅ‡ฝใ—ใชใใ‚ƒ」. The dictionary form is ungrammatical.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆ—ฉใๅฏใชใใ‚ƒ、ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅๆ—ฉใ„ใ‚“ใ 。
B: ใ“ใฎๆ›ธ้กžใ‚’ๆๅ‡บใ—ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„。
C: ไปŠๆ—ฅไธญใซใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆ›ธใใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“。
D: ใใ‚ใใ‚่กŒใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒ。
Answer
C
Correct Sentence: ไปŠๆ—ฅไธญใซใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: 「~ใชใใ‚ƒ」 attaches to the negative stem. 「ๆ›ธใ」 → 「ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใ„」 → 「ๆ›ธใ‹ใชใใ‚ƒ」. Using the dictionary form 「ๆ›ธใใชใใ‚ƒ」 is a typical learner error.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ่ฟ”ๅดใฏ็ฟŒๆ—ฅใพใงใซใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™。
B: ไฝ†ใ—、ๅนดๆœซๅนดๅง‹ใฏไผ‘้คจใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™。
C: ใ“ใฎใƒใ‚นใƒˆใฏไฝฟ็”จๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™。
D: ่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใฎ็™บ่กŒใŒๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฎใง、็ช“ๅฃใงใŠๅ—ๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใฎ็™บ่กŒใŒๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใฎใง、็ช“ๅฃใงใŠๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใใ ใ•ใ„。
Explanation: The correct honorific request form is 「ใŠๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใใ ใ•ใ„」. 「ใŠๅ—ๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„」 is not a valid grammatical construction.

✅ Choice

Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.

1: ใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ—ใฏ(    )ใ†ใกใซๅฌใ—ไธŠใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。

Choices
A: ๆธฉใ‹ใ„
B: ๆธฉใ‹ใใชใ„
C: ๆธฉใ‹ใ‹ใฃใŸ
D: ๆธฉใ‹ใ
Answer
A
Explanation: ใ„-adjective + ใ†ใกใซ means “while it is ~.” ๆธฉใ‹ใ„ใ†ใกใซ = “while it’s hot.” The negative, past, and adverbial forms do not fit this pattern naturally.

2: ้คจ้•ทใŒใ‚ใ–ใ‚ใ–ใ”ๆกˆๅ†…(    )。

Choices
A: ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
B: ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใŸ
C: ใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
D: ใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
Answer
C
Explanation: ใ”ๆกˆๅ†…ใใ ใ•ใ‚‹ is the honorific form showing that the director kindly gave guidance. B is humble (we received), D means the director let someone guide, A is a different honorific form that would require ใ”ๆกˆๅ†…ใซใชใ‚‹ (not used this way). C is the natural honorific.

3: ๅ‹้”ใŒๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใ‚’(    )ใฎใง、ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅŠฉใ‹ใฃใŸ。

Choices
A: ๆ‰‹ไผใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ‚ŒใŸ
B: ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚ŒใŸ
C: ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใŸ
D: ๆ‰‹ไผใ‚ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸ
Answer
B
Explanation: The friend did the favor of helping. ~ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ is correct. A means “the friend let me help,” D means “I got the friend to let me help,” C means “I helped the friend.” Only B conveys the friend’s helpful action toward the speaker.

4: ๅคไผ‘ใฟใฎ(    )、ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ‚ขใƒซใƒใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。

Choices
A: ใจใใซ
B: ใ†ใกใซ
C: ใพใงใซ
D: ใ‚ใ„ใ ใซ
Answer
D
Explanation: ๅคไผ‘ใฟใฎใ‚ใ„ใ ใซ means “during summer vacation.” ใ†ใกใซ implies a time limit before a change, ใจใใซ is “at the time of,” ใพใงใซ is “by a deadline.” Only D correctly expresses an ongoing period.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: ใ‚‚ใ†้…ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฏใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ。

Answer
ใ‚‚ใ†้…ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฏใชใใ‚ƒ。
Explanation: ๅฏใ‚‹ is an ichidan verb. Its negative is ๅฏใชใ„, so the casual obligation form is ๅฏใชใใ‚ƒ, not ๅฏใ‚‹ใชใใ‚ƒ.

2: ๅ‹้”ใซใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ•ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸ。

Answer
ๅ‹้”ใซใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸ。
Explanation: ใ‚„ใ‚‹ → ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹, so ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ† is the correct form; ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ is a frequent learner error.

3: ่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’็™บ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。

Answer
่จผๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’็™บ่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Explanation: ็™บ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ → ็™บ่กŒใ—ใฆ. Using the dictionary form is a common error when forming polite requests.

✏️ Rewrite

Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.

1: ่ฒธๅ‡บใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใฎๅ†็™บ่กŒใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ
Answer
่ฒธๅ‡บใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅ†็™บ่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ。
Explanation: ๅ†็™บ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ → ๅ†็™บ่กŒใ—ใฆ + ใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใŒ. The pattern politely conveys “I’d like you to reissue it (for me)”.

2: ไผ‘้คจใซใชใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ、ๆœฌใ‚’่ฟ”ๅดใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆ。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ†ใกใซ
Answer
ไผ‘้คจใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ、ๆœฌใ‚’่ฟ”ๅดใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆ。
Explanation: ไผ‘้คจใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซ means “before it closes (while it’s still not closed)”. ใ†ใกใซ highlights the time window.

3: ใ“ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใซๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹
Answer
ใ“ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใซๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹。
Explanation: The request 「ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„」 is softened into asking permission to receive the favor: 「ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹」 means “May I have you write it?”
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The dialogue, images, audio, and exercises on this page were generated with the help of artificial intelligence for Japanese study practice. All content has been reviewed, adapted, and organized.

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