Day N3 - 13 - Grammar Practice

Complementary Exercises: Daily N3 - Day 13

After reading the original text, practice the grammar points introduced in Day N3-13.

These exercises focus on recognizing mistakes, choosing correct patterns, and producing your own sentences.
They are divided into three study sessions. Each session focuses on a different way of practicing the grammar introduced in the shadowing practice.

Grammar practiced:
✓ ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„
✓ V[dictionary form]ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„
✓ ~้–“ / ~้–“ใซ
✓ V[ใพใ™-form]ใใ‚‹
✓ ~ใใ›ใซ
✓ ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹
✓ ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„
✓ ~ใใ‚‰ใ„ / ~ใใ‚‰ใ„
✓ V[ใฆ-form]ใฟใ›ใ‚‹

1. Understand

Goal: Recognize and understand how the grammar is used.
Focus on identifying correct patterns and noticing common mistakes.

๐Ÿ” Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใ“ใฎๆœบใฏ、ๅ†™็œŸใงใฏไธˆๅคซใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™。
B: ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ、็งใซ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
C: ใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฎๆŒ‡ๅฐŽใง、ๅ‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
D: ใ“ใ“ใฏ็ฆ็…™ใชใฎใง、ใŸใฐใ“ใฏๅค–ใงๅธใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
A
Correct Sentence: ใ“ใฎๆœบใฏ、ๅ†™็œŸใงใฏไธˆๅคซใชใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™。
Explanation: ไธˆๅคซ is a ใช-adjective, so when it comes before ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ (“to look/seem”), it must use ใช: ไธˆๅคซใชใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎๆŽˆๆฅญใงใฏ、ใ“ใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ™。
B: ๅ…„ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใชใใ›ใซ、ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“。
C: ๅฏฎใฎๅฎถ่ณƒใฏ、ๆฏŽๆœˆไบŒๅไบ”ๆ—ฅใพใงใซๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใพใ™。
D: ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๆ‰€ใฏ、ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
B
Correct Sentence: ๅ…„ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใฎใใ›ใซ、ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: When ใใ›ใซ follows a noun, the noun must be connected with ใฎ, so ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฎใใ›ใซ is correct.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๅ…ˆๆœˆใซๆฏ”ในใฆ、ไฝ“่ชฟใŒใ‚ˆใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
B: ใใฎ่ท็‰ฉใชใ‚‰、็งใŒ้‹ใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹。
C: ใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฏ、ไธ€ไบบไธ€ไบบใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่žใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™。
D: ๆ•™ๅฎคใŒ้™ใ‹้–“ใซ、็™บ่กจใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ๆ•™ๅฎคใŒ้™ใ‹ใช้–“ใซ、็™บ่กจใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™。
Explanation: ้™ใ‹ is a ใช-adjective, so before ้–“ it must take ใช: ้™ใ‹ใช้–“ใซ.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ็ท ใ‚ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šใพใง、ใ‚ใจไบŒๆ—ฅใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。
B: ใŠใชใ‹ใŒใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใง、ใ“ใฎๆ–™็†ใฏๅ…จ้ƒจ้ฃŸในใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“。
C: ็งใฏ、ใ“ใฎไผš็คพใงๆญฃ็คพๅ“กใจใ—ใฆใฎๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™。
D: ใใฎๅบ—ใงใฏ、็„กๆ–™ใง่ท็‰ฉใ‚’้ ใ‹ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™。
Answer
C
Correct Sentence: ็งใฏ、ใ“ใฎไผš็คพใงๆญฃ็คพๅ“กใจใ—ใฆๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™。
Explanation: ใจใ—ใฆ is used after a noun to mean “in the role/capacity of,” and it connects directly to the following verb.

✅ Choice

Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.

1: ๅ‹้”ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใงไบˆๅฎšใฎๅค‰ๆ›ดใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒ、้›ป่ฉฑ็•ชๅทใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。็•ชๅทใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸ็ด™ใ‚‚ใชใ、็•ชๅทใ‚’่žใ‘ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“。้›ป่ฉฑใฏไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใŒ、็•ชๅทใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใง、(      )。

Choices
A: ้›ป่ฉฑใงไผใˆใŸใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
B: ้›ป่ฉฑใงไผใˆ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™
C: ้›ป่ฉฑใฎใ‹ใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
D: ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™
Answer
C
Explanation: 「้›ป่ฉฑใฎใ‹ใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“」 uses Vใพใ™-stem + ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„/ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ to express that there is no possible way to do something. Here, the speaker wants to call and the phone itself is available, but they do not know the phone number and have no way to obtain it, so making the call is impossible.

2: A:「ๅฎ…้…ไพฟใฏใ„ใคๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ‹。」 B:「ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใฏ、ใพใ ๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ。ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใŸใจใใซใฏ、ใ‚‚ใ†็Ž„้–ขใซ่ท็‰ฉใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใฎใง、(      )。」

Choices
A: ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซๆฅใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
B: ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซๆฅใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™
C: ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™
D: ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซๆฅใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™
Answer
D
Explanation: 「ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซๆฅใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™」 combines ~ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซ with ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™. ~ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซ indicates that something happened during the period in which another action was continuing, while ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ expresses a conclusion based on available evidence. Since the package had not arrived before the bath but was already there immediately afterward, the speaker reasonably infers that it arrived sometime during the bath.

3: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใพใง、็งใฏไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใ‚’ๅ‡บใšใซ、ๆฏใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。็งใฏ、(      )。

Choices
A: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“、ใšใฃใจใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
B: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซ、ไธ€ๅบฆใ ใ‘ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
C: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใฏ、ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซใ„ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
D: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใฆใ‹ใ‚‰、ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
Answer
A
Explanation: 「ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“、ใšใฃใจใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸ」 uses ~ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ to describe a state or action that continues throughout the same period as another ongoing action. The words ใšใฃใจ and the original information that the speaker did not leave the kitchen even once show that they remained there for the entire time the mother was cooking, not just at one point during that period.

4: ไธ€ๆ—ฅไธญๆญฉใ„ใฆ、ใจใฆใ‚‚็–ฒใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ。ๅฎถใซ็€ใใจ、ใ™ใใซๅบงใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。ใใฎใจใใฏ、(      )。ๅฐ‘ใ—ไผ‘ใ‚“ใงใ‹ใ‚‰、ใ‚„ใฃใจใพใŸๆญฉใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ。

Choices
A: ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆญฉใ‚‚ๆญฉใ‘ใชใ„ใใ‚‰ใ„็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
B: ใพใ ไฝ•ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ‚‚ไผ‘ใพใšใซๆญฉใ‘ใใ†ใงใ—ใŸ
C: ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
D: ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ ใ‘ใง、ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ—ใŸ
Answer
A
Explanation: 「ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆญฉใ‚‚ๆญฉใ‘ใชใ„ใใ‚‰ใ„็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ」 uses ~ใใ‚‰ใ„ to express the degree or extent of a condition. Here, the speaker was so tired that they felt unable to take even one more step. This matches the context because they sat down immediately after arriving home and could only walk again after resting for a while.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: ใพใ ไบ”ๅใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ—ใ‹ๆณณใ’ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ、ๅคใพใงใซใฏ็™พใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซๆณณใ„ใฆใฟใ›ใพใ™。

Answer
ใพใ ไบ”ๅใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ—ใ‹ๆณณใ’ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ、ๅคใพใงใซใฏ็™พใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซๆณณใ„ใงใฟใ›ใพใ™。
Explanation: The verb ๆณณใ is a godan verb ending in ใ, and verbs ending in ใ change to ~ใ„ใง in the ใฆ-form, so ๆณณใ → ๆณณใ„ใง, not ๆณณใ„ใฆ. The pattern Vใฆใฟใ›ใ‚‹ expresses a strong determination to accomplish something.

2: ๅผŸใฏ็ด„ๆŸใ—ใŸใฎใใ›ใซ、้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ใใกใ‚“ใจๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ。

Answer
ๅผŸใฏ็ด„ๆŸใ—ใŸใใ›ใซ、้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ใใกใ‚“ใจๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: ใใ›ใซ attaches directly to the plain form of a verb, so after ็ด„ๆŸใ—ใŸ, no ใฎ is needed: ็ด„ๆŸใ—ใŸใใ›ใซ. The pattern ~ใใ›ใซ expresses criticism or dissatisfaction about a contrast, such as someone making a promise but then not doing what was expected.

3: ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹้”ใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใชใฎใง、็งใŒ้ฃŸในใฆใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。

Answer
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹้”ใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใชใฎใง、็งใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ~ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ attaches to the plain form of a verb, so ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ must be used, not the ใฆ-form ้ฃŸในใฆ. This pattern means that someone cannot reasonably do something because of a social, moral, or situational reason, which fits the idea that the chocolate belongs to a friend.

2. Practice

Goal: Practice using the grammar in different situations.
Apply the grammar by correcting, transforming, and creating sentences.

๐Ÿ” Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๅ…„ใฏ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใใ›ใซ、ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“。
B: ใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฏ、ๅ†ฌใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅฏ’ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。
C: ่ฉฆๅˆใซ่ฒ ใ‘ใฆ、ๆ‚”ใ—ใใฆใŸใพใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ。
D: ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ、ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
A
Correct Sentence: ๅ…„ใฏ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใใ›ใซ、ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ~ใใ›ใซ attaches to the plain form of a verb, not to the polite ~ใพใ™ form. This pattern expresses criticism or dissatisfaction about a contradiction, such as someone knowing the answer but refusing to tell you.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆฅ้€ฑใ‹ใ‚‰、ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™。
B: ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ้›จใชใฎใง、ๅฎถใงๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ。
C: ใ“ใฎๅ†™็œŸใฏ、็งใซใจใฃใฆใฎๅคงๅˆ‡ใงใ™。
D: ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏ、ไธ€ไบบใงใฏๆŒใฆใชใ„ใใ‚‰ใ„ๅคงใใช่ท็‰ฉใŒๅฑŠใใพใ—ใŸ。
Answer
C
Correct Sentence: ใ“ใฎๅ†™็œŸใฏ、็งใซใจใฃใฆๅคงๅˆ‡ใงใ™。
Explanation: ~ใซใจใฃใฆ means “from the perspective of” or “for” someone and can be followed directly by an adjective or judgment. The form ~ใซใจใฃใฆใฎ is used only when it directly modifies a noun, such as ็งใซใจใฃใฆใฎๅคงๅˆ‡ใชๅ†™็œŸ.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใ‚ใฎไบบใฏ、ๅŽปๅนดใ‚ˆใ‚Šใšใฃใจ้€Ÿใๆณณใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
B: ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใฎ็‰›ไนณใฏ、ไปŠๆœๅ…จ้ƒจ้ฃฒใฟใใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。
C: ๅคงไผšใŸใณใซ、ๅฎถๆ—ใŒๅฟœๆดใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™。
D: ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง、ๅฐ‘ใ—ไผ‘ใพใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
C
Correct Sentence: ๅคงไผšใฎใŸใณใซ、ๅฎถๆ—ใŒๅฟœๆดใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™。
Explanation: When ~ใŸใณใซ follows a noun, the noun must be connected with ใฎ, so the correct pattern is NใฎใŸใณใซ. ๅคงไผšใฎใŸใณใซ means that something happens each time there is a competition.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใ„ใ‚ˆใ„ใ‚ˆๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ‹ใ‚‰、ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™。
B: ไฝ“่ชฟใŒๆ‚ชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ、็„ก็†ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„。
C: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏๅคงไบ‹ใช็™บ่กจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง、ไผš็คพใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚“ใงใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。
D: ใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใใคใ„ใฎใง、ไบคๆ›ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™。
Answer
C
Correct Sentence: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏๅคงไบ‹ใช็™บ่กจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง、ไผš็คพใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ~ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ attaches to the dictionary form of a verb when expressing that someone cannot do something because of a social, moral, or situational reason.

5: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๆฌกใฎ่ฉฆๅˆใงใฏ、ๅฟ…ใšๅ‹ใคใฟใ›ใพใ™。
B: ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚“ใ ็†็”ฑใ‚’、ใ‚ณใƒผใƒใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ。
C: ๅ„ชๅ‹ใ—ใŸๅ‹้”ใซ、ใŠ็ฅใ„ใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’้€ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
D: ใ“ใฎ้ดใชใ‚‰、้•ทใๆญฉใ„ใฆใ‚‚็–ฒใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“。
Answer
A
Correct Sentence: ๆฌกใฎ่ฉฆๅˆใงใฏ、ๅฟ…ใšๅ‹ใฃใฆใฟใ›ใพใ™。
Explanation: ~ใฆใฟใ›ใ‚‹ attaches to the ใฆ-form of a verb and expresses a strong determination to accomplish something, often with the nuance of “I’ll show that I can do it.”.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: ๅผŸใฏใพใ ๅญไพ›ใชใใ›ใซ、็งใซ「ใ‚‚ใฃใจใใกใ‚“ใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ•ใ„」ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™。

Answer
ๅผŸใฏใพใ ๅญไพ›ใฎใใ›ใซ、็งใซ「ใ‚‚ใฃใจใใกใ‚“ใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ•ใ„」ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™。
Explanation: When ใใ›ใซ follows a noun, it takes ใฎ, so the correct form is ๅญไพ›ใฎใใ›ใซ. By contrast, ใช-adjectives use ใช, as in ้™ใ‹ใชใใ›ใซ. Here, ใใ›ใซ expresses criticism or annoyance about an unexpected contrast: the younger brother is still a child, yet he tells the speaker to study properly.

2: ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆไธญใงใ‚‚、็”˜ใ„็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใฎใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ๆ™‚ใ€…、ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ™。

Answer
ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆไธญใงใ‚‚、็”˜ใ„็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ๆ™‚ใ€…、ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ™。
Explanation: ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ attaches directly to the plain form of a verb, including the negative form. This pattern is used to partially deny or qualify an assumption: being on a diet does not mean the speaker completely avoids sweets.

3: ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฏไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ、็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™。

Answer
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฏไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ、็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™。
Explanation: ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ attaches directly to the plain form of a verb. This pattern is used to describe how something appears based on what the speaker observes, which fits the situation of the coach taking several breaks.

4: ๅฟ…่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒใชใ„ใฎใง、ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŒๆธ›ใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใฏๅˆ†ๆžใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。

Answer
ๅฟ…่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒใชใ„ใฎใง、ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŒๆธ›ใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใฏๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„ is formed with the verb’s volitional form plus ใŒใชใ„, so ๅˆ†ๆžใ™ใ‚‹ becomes ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„. This pattern means that there is no possible way to do something, and here it expresses that without the necessary information, there is no way to analyze the reason for the decrease in sales.

5: ไปŠใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅซŒใ„ใ ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ใŸใ 、ไผ‘ใฟใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใฏไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。

Answer
ไปŠใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅซŒใ„ใชใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ใŸใ 、ไผ‘ใฟใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใฏไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。
Explanation: When ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ follows a ใช-adjective, the adjective takes ใช, so ๅซŒใ„ becomes ๅซŒใ„ใชใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. This pattern is used to reject an overly strong interpretation, so the speaker is saying that disliking the job is not the issue; the dissatisfaction is specifically about having too few days off.

✏️ Rewrite

Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.

1: ไปŠใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅซŒใ„ใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ใŸใ 、ไผ‘ใฟใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใฏไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„
Answer
ไปŠใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅซŒใ„ใชใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ใŸใ 、ไผ‘ใฟใŒๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใฏไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。
Explanation: The original sentence uses ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ to explicitly say “that is not what I mean,” while ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ expresses the same idea more naturally and compactly by denying a possible interpretation. Here, ๅซŒใ„ใชใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ means the speaker is not saying they dislike the job; the following ไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ then clarifies that the real problem is the small amount of time off.

2: ็ช“ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ、ๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฎไธญใฏ้™ใ‹ใใ†ใงใ™。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹
Answer
็ช“ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ、ๅ›ณๆ›ธ้คจใฎไธญใฏ้™ใ‹ใชใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™。
Explanation: ~ใใ†ใงใ™ gives a direct impression based on what you observe, while ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ emphasizes how something appears from your point of view. Here, ้™ใ‹ใชใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ means that, judging from what can be seen through the window, the library appears to be quiet, without claiming that it definitely is.

3: ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏ็งใŒ็™บ่กจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใง、ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“。

Rewrite the sentence using: V[dictionary form]ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„
Answer
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏ็งใŒ็™บ่กจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใง、ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ simply states that something cannot be done, while ~ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ expresses that the speaker feels they cannot do it because of responsibility, social expectations, or the situation. Here, because the speaker has a presentation tomorrow, taking the day off is not just impossible in a practical sense; it would be inappropriate or difficult to justify.

4: ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆไธญใงใ™ใŒ、็”˜ใ„็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ๆ™‚ใ€…、ๅฐ‘ใ—้ฃŸในใพใ™。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„
Answer
ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆไธญใงใ™ใŒ、็”˜ใ„็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใชใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ๆ™‚ใ€…、ๅฐ‘ใ—้ฃŸในใพใ™。
Explanation: ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ explicitly rejects an interpretation, while ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ expresses that the situation is not completely or necessarily as someone might assume. Here, the speaker is dieting, but ้ฃŸในใชใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ makes it clear that this does not mean they completely avoid sweets; ๆ™‚ใ€…、ๅฐ‘ใ—้ฃŸในใพใ™ shows that they still eat them occasionally.

5: ใ“ใฎๅ†™็œŸใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ、ใใฎๅฑฑใฏ้ซ˜ใใ†ใงใ™。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹
Answer
ใ“ใฎๅ†™็œŸใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ、ใใฎๅฑฑใฏ้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™。
Explanation: ~ใใ†ใงใ™ gives a direct visual impression, while ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ emphasizes how something appears based on what the speaker can see. Here, ้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ means that the mountain appears tall in the photo, without stating that the speaker knows its actual height.

3. Review

Goal: Review and reinforce the grammar you learned.
Combine different exercise types to check your understanding and build confidence.

๐Ÿ” Find the Error

Identify the sentence that contains a grammar mistake or unnatural usage.
Goal: Train your ability to notice incorrect grammar patterns and avoid common mistakes.

1: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใ“ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซ、็„กๆ–™ใฎ้ง่ปŠๅ ดใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹。
B: ๆ˜จๅคœใฏ、็œ ใ‚Œใชใ„ใใ‚‰ใ„่‚ฉใŒ็—›ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™。
C: ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎ้›ปๆฐ—ใฏ、ๆถˆใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
D: ๆ™‚่จˆใฎไฟฎ็†ใฏ、ๅƒๅ††ใ‚’ๆธˆใฟใพใ—ใŸ。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ๆ™‚่จˆใฎไฟฎ็†ใฏ、ๅƒๅ††ใงๆธˆใฟใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: When ๆธˆใ‚€ means that something is completed or handled with a certain amount, cost, or means, that amount is marked with ใง.

2: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๅคงไผšใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ、ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™。
B: ้•ทใ„ๅฐ่ชฌใงใ—ใŸใŒ、ไธ‰ๆ—ฅใง่ชญใ‚€ใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
C: ใ“ใฎๆœฌใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใซใฏ、ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธๆบ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。
D: ๅผŸใฏ、ๅฐ†ๆฅใ‚ณใƒผใƒใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™。
Answer
B
Correct Sentence: ้•ทใ„ๅฐ่ชฌใงใ—ใŸใŒ、ไธ‰ๆ—ฅใง่ชญใฟใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: ~ใใ‚‹ attaches to the ใพใ™-stem of a verb and means to do something completely or all the way through.

3: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ใ“ใฎใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใฏ、ๆ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅบƒใ„ใงใ™ใญ。
B: ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ、ๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใคไธŠ้”ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆ。
C: ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใŸใฎใง、ๆด—ๆฟฏ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅฎถใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ。
D: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ้–“、็งใฏๅผŸใจ้Šใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。
Answer
D
Correct Sentence: ๆฏใŒๆ–™็†ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“、็งใฏๅผŸใจ้Šใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: When ~้–“ follows a verb, it attaches directly to the plain form, such as ~ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ for an action that continues during a period of time.

4: Which sentence is grammatically incorrect?

Choices
A: ๅ‹้”ใ‹ใ‚‰้ ใ‹ใฃใŸ็‰ฉใชใฎใง、ๆจใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。
B: ๆ€ฅใ„ใงใ„ใŸใฎใง、ๆœใ”้ฃฏใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใšใซๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใพใ—ใŸ。
C: ๅคงไผšใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰、ใ‚ณใƒผใƒใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ„ใงใ™。
D: ใ“ใฎ็”จ็ด™ใซใฏ、ๅๅ‰ใจไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ใใกใ‚“ใจๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„。
Answer
B
Correct Sentence: ๆ€ฅใ„ใงใ„ใŸใฎใง、ๆœใ”้ฃฏใ‚’้ฃŸในใšใซๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: ~ใšใซ means “without doing” and attaches to the negative stem of the verb, not directly to the dictionary form.

✅ Choice

Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
Goal: Practice selecting the correct grammar form according to the context.

1: ๅ…„ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใพใ™。ใใ‚Œใชใฎใซ、็งใŒไธ€ๅบฆๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸใ ใ‘ใง、ใฒใฉใๆ€’ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใšใซ็งใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‹ๅ…„ใซ่…นใŒ็ซ‹ใฃใฆ、็งใฏ「(      )」ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。

Choices
A: ็งใŒ็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰、ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใง
B: ็งใŒ็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใณใซๅ„ชใ—ใ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฆ、ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†
C: ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฏไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰、็งใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใญ
D: ่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใใ›ใซ、็งใซใ ใ‘ใใ‚“ใชใซๆ€’ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใง
Answer
D
Explanation: 「่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใใ›ใซ」 uses ~ใใ›ใซ to criticize someone for behaving in a way that is inconsistent with their own situation or behavior. Here, the brother often forgets promises himself, yet he becomes very angry when the speaker forgets only once, so ~ใใ›ใซ naturally expresses the speaker’s annoyance at that hypocrisy or contradiction.

2: ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚“ใง้Šใณใซ่กŒใใŸใ„ใงใ™。ใงใ‚‚、็งใŒไผ‘ใ‚€ใจๅบ—ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“。ๅบ—ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง、(      )。

Choices
A: ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“
B: ไผ‘ใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใพใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
C: ไผ‘ใฟใŸใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
D: ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
Answer
A
Explanation: 「ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“」 uses ~ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ to express that someone cannot do something because of responsibility, social expectations, or circumstances, even if it is physically possible. Here, the speaker wants to take the day off, but nobody else can open the shop and the speaker is responsible for doing so, making taking the day off unacceptable in the situation.

3: ๅ‹้”ใ‹ใ‚‰้ ใ‹ใฃใŸๆœฌใ‚’ๆฑšใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸ。ๅ‹้”ใฏ「ใใฎๆœฌใฏๅคงๅˆ‡ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰、ๆฑšใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ…ใš่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใญ」ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™。ๅ‹้”ใซ่ฟ”ใ™่ฒฌไปปใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง、(      )。

Choices
A: ๆจใฆใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
B: ๆจใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“
C: ๆจใฆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
D: ๆจใฆใฆใ‚‚ใ‹ใพใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
Answer
B
Explanation: ๆจใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“」 uses ~ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ to express that an action cannot reasonably be taken because of responsibility, obligation, or the circumstances. Here, the book belongs to a friend who specifically asked for it to be returned even if it is dirty, so throwing it away is not an acceptable option.

4: ใ“ใฎไบŒใคใฎๅบ—ใฎๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚’ๆฏ”ในใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒ、ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎๅบ—ใฎๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‚ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ไปŠใฏๅฟ…่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚‚ใชใ、(      )。

Choices
A: ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฎๆฏ”ในใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
B: ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚’ๆฏ”ในใชใŒใ‚‰ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
C: ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚’ๆฏ”ในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
D: ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚’ๆฏ”ใน็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™
Answer
A
Explanation: 「ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฎๆฏ”ในใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“」 uses Vใพใ™-stem + ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„/ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ to express that there is no possible way to perform an action. Here, comparing the sales requires information from both stores, but that information is unavailable and there is currently no way to obtain it, so the comparison itself cannot be carried out.

✏️ Correct

Find and fix the grammar mistake in the sentence.
Goal: Practice applying grammar rules and producing accurate Japanese sentences.

1: ๅคงไผšใง่ฒ ใ‘ใฆ、ๆณฃใใŸใ„ใชใใ‚‰ใ„ๆ‚”ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™。

Answer
ๅคงไผšใง่ฒ ใ‘ใฆ、ๆณฃใใŸใ„ใใ‚‰ใ„ๆ‚”ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™。
Explanation: The form ~ใŸใ„ behaves like an ใ„-adjective, so it connects directly to ใใ‚‰ใ„ without ใช: ๆณฃใใŸใ„ใใ‚‰ใ„. The pattern ~ใใ‚‰ใ„ shows degree or extent, so here it means the speaker was so frustrated about losing the competition that they felt like crying.

2: ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ、ๅ€Ÿใ‚ŠใŸๆœฌใ‚’ไธ€ๆฐ—ใซ่ชญใ‚€ใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。

Answer
ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ、ๅ€Ÿใ‚ŠใŸๆœฌใ‚’ไธ€ๆฐ—ใซ่ชญใฟใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: ~ใใ‚‹ attaches to the verb stem, so ่ชญใ‚€ becomes ่ชญใฟ before ใใ‚‹: ่ชญใฟใใ‚‹. This pattern expresses doing something completely or all the way through, so ่ชญใฟใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ means the speaker finished reading the borrowed book completely, and ไธ€ๆฐ—ใซ reinforces the idea of doing it in one stretch.

3: ใ“ใฎๅบ—ใฎๆœใฏ、ๅ…จ้ƒจใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใชใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ๅฎ‰ใ„ๆœใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。

Answer
ใ“ใฎๅบ—ใฎๆœใฏ、ๅ…จ้ƒจใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。ๅฎ‰ใ„ๆœใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™。
Explanation: ้ซ˜ใ„ is an ใ„-adjective, so it attaches directly to ~ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ without ใช: ้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. This pattern is used to deny a generalization, so the speaker is saying that not all the clothes in the store are expensive, which is supported by the following statement that there are also inexpensive clothes.

✏️ Rewrite

Rewrite the sentence using the given grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice expressing the same idea using different grammar structures.

1: ๅฟ…่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใฎใง、ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŒๆธ›ใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใ‚’ๅˆ†ๆžใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„
Answer
ๅฟ…่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใฎใง、ๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŒๆธ›ใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใ‚’ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ says that there is no method available, while ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„ expresses that there is no possible way to carry out the action under the circumstances. Here, ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ emphasizes that analysis is impossible because the necessary information is completely unavailable.

2: ใ“ใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใฏๅญ—ใŒๅ…จ้ƒจๆถˆใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง、่ชญใ‚€ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„
Answer
ใ“ใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใฏๅญ—ใŒๅ…จ้ƒจๆถˆใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง、่ชญใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“。
Explanation: ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ states that there is no available method, while ~ใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใชใ„ emphasizes that doing the action is impossible because there is no possible means to do it. Here, ่ชญใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ means the letter cannot be read at all because the writing has completely disappeared.

3: ใ‚ใฎไบบใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒใชใฎใซ、ใ„ใคใ‚‚็ทด็ฟ’ใซ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใง่…นใŒ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™。

Rewrite the sentence using: ~ใใ›ใซ
Answer
ใ‚ใฎไบบใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฎใใ›ใซ、ใ„ใคใ‚‚็ทด็ฟ’ใซ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใง่…นใŒ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™。
Explanation: ~ใฎใซ expresses a contrast between what is expected and what actually happens, while ~ใใ›ใซ adds a stronger critical or blaming tone. Here, ใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฎใใ›ใซ shows that the speaker feels a coach should know better than to be late for practice, so the expression fits naturally with ่…นใŒ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™.

๐Ÿ’ฌ Complete the Dialogue

Fill in the blank to complete the conversation using the proposed grammar pattern.
Goal: Practice applying specific grammar structures to construct natural responses in realistic conversation contexts.

Complete the dialogue using: ~ใใ‚‰ใ„ / ~ใใ‚‰ใ„

Question 1:
A:ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ˆใ็œ ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹。
B:ใ„ใ„ใˆ。้šฃใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใง、ๅคœ้…ใใพใงไบบใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚“ใงใ™。
A:ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‰ใ‚ใฆใ‚‚่žใ“ใˆใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹。
B:____________。

Suggested Answer
ใฏใ„。ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‹ใใ‚‰ใ„、ๅคงใใชๅฃฐใงใ—ใŸ。
Explanation: The speaker explains how loud the voices in the next room were by describing the degree of the noise: it was loud enough that they could understand what was being said. ~ใใ‚‰ใ„ is used here to show the extent or degree of something through a concrete result. The Suggested Answer fits the dialogue naturally because it directly answers whether the voices could still be heard even with the door closed, while clearly practicing the target grammar.
Complete the dialogue using: V[ใพใ™-form]ใใ‚‹

Question 2:
A:ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใช็ฎฑใซ、ๆœฌใ‚’ๅ…จ้ƒจๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹。
B:ใฏใ„。ๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ、ใพใจใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™。
A:ใ‚‚ใ†ใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆ。ใงใ‚‚、ๆœบใฎไธŠใซใ‚‚ใพใ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญ。
B:____________。
A:ใงใฏ、ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค็ฎฑใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™。

Suggested Answer
ใ“ใฎ็ฎฑใ ใ‘ใงใฏๅ…ฅใ‚Šใใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใญ。
Explanation: The speaker realizes that the remaining books cannot all fit into the current box. ~ใใ‚‹ expresses doing something completely or reaching the full limit, and its negative form ~ใใ‚Œใชใ„ means that something cannot be completed fully because the amount or capacity is insufficient. The Suggested Answer fits naturally because the box is already full while more books are still on the desk, which leads directly to the other speaker offering to bring another box.
Complete the dialogue using: V[dictionary form]ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„

Question 3:
A:ใ“ใฎๅ†™็œŸ、ใƒ›ใƒผใƒ ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซไฝฟใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹。
B:ๅ‹้”ใŒๆ’ฎใฃใŸๅ†™็œŸใชใ‚“ใงใ™。ใพใ ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‹่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“。
A:ใงใ‚‚、ไปŠๆ—ฅไธญใซใƒ›ใƒผใƒ ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใญ。
B:____________。

Suggested Answer
ๅ‹้”ใซ่žใ‹ใšใซไฝฟใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“。ไปŠ、้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใฆใฟใพใ™。
Explanation: The speaker cannot simply use the photo without first asking the friend who took it, even though there is pressure to finish the website that day. ~ใ‚ใ‘ใซใฏใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ expresses that an action is not acceptable or possible because of social responsibility, circumstances, or a sense of obligation, rather than because it is physically impossible. The Suggested Answer fits well because the speaker recognizes that using the photo without permission would be inappropriate and then proposes contacting the friend immediately.
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AI-generated content
The dialogue, images, audio, and exercises on this page were generated with the help of artificial intelligence for Japanese study practice. All content has been reviewed, adapted, and organized.

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